In this shiur, delivered in Sharfmans, Rav Burg explains the inner meaning behind the Halacha of Orla. Adam HaRishon did not wait to eat from the Eitz HaDaas because he prioritized his own creativity over the needs of the relationship with Hashem. Only when we are patient, allowing things to grow of their own accord do we see that our creativity is actually in the service of another.
Sources from the shiur can be found below.
Source sheet link: www.sefaria.org/sheets/563603
Kedoshim - Patience
(23) When you enter the land and plant any tree for food, you shall regard its fruit as forbidden. Three years it shall be forbidden*forbidden Heb. root ‘-r-l, commonly “to be uncircumcised.” for you, not to be eaten. (24) In the fourth year all its fruit shall be set aside for jubilation before יהוה; (25) and only in the fifth year may you use its fruit—that its yield to you may be increased: I יהוה am your God. (26) You shall not eat anything with its blood. You shall not practice divination or soothsaying. | (כג) וְכִי־תָבֹ֣אוּ אֶל־הָאָ֗רֶץ וּנְטַעְתֶּם֙ כׇּל־עֵ֣ץ מַאֲכָ֔ל וַעֲרַלְתֶּ֥ם עׇרְלָת֖וֹ אֶת־פִּרְי֑וֹ שָׁלֹ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֗ים יִהְיֶ֥ה לָכֶ֛ם עֲרֵלִ֖ים לֹ֥א יֵאָכֵֽל׃ (כד) וּבַשָּׁנָה֙ הָרְבִיעִ֔ת יִהְיֶ֖ה כׇּל־פִּרְי֑וֹ קֹ֥דֶשׁ הִלּוּלִ֖ים לַיהֹוָֽה׃ (כה) וּבַשָּׁנָ֣ה הַחֲמִישִׁ֗ת תֹּֽאכְלוּ֙ אֶת־פִּרְי֔וֹ לְהוֹסִ֥יף לָכֶ֖ם תְּבוּאָת֑וֹ אֲנִ֖י יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃ (כו) לֹ֥א תֹאכְל֖וּ עַל־הַדָּ֑ם לֹ֥א תְנַחֲשׁ֖וּ וְלֹ֥א תְעוֹנֵֽנוּ׃ |
וטעם המצוה הזאת, לכבד את ה' מראשית כל תבואתנו מפרי העץ ותבואת הכרם ולא נאכל מהם עד שנביא כל פרי שנה אחת הלולים לה' והנה אין הפרי בתוך שלש שנים ראוי להקריבו לפני השם הנכבד לפי שהוא מועט ואין האילן נותן בפריו טעם או ריח טוב בתוך שלש שנים ורובן לא יוציאו פירות כלל עד השנה הרביעית ולכך נמתין לכולן ולא נטעום מהם עד שנביא מן הנטע שנטענו כל פריו הראשון הטוב קדש לפני השם ושם יאכלוהו ויהללו את שם ה' והמצוה הזאת דומה למצות הבכורים ואמת הדבר עוד כי הפרי בתחילת נטיעת האילנות רב הלחות דבק מאד מזיק לגוף ואיננו טוב לאכלה כדג שאין לו קשקשת (ויקרא י״א:ט׳) והמאכלים הנאסרים בתורה הם רעים גם לגוף
והרב נתן גם בזה טעם במורה הנבוכים (ג לז) כטעמו ברוב המצות כי היו לחרטומים ולמכשפים בזמן ההוא מיני כשוף יעשו אותם בעת נטיעת האילנות ויחשבו כי בהם ימהר האילן להוציא פריו קודם זמנו הידוע במנהגו של עולם ובבואו יקריבו את הפרי לפני העבודה זרה שעשו בשמה הכשוף ההוא ולכך צותה התורה באסור הפרי הבא קודם שלש שנים שלא יבאו לעשות המעשים הרעים ההם כי רובי האילנות יביאו פירות בשנה הרביעית ושנאכלהו לפני השם היפך אכלם אותו לפני עבודה זרה:
The reason for this commandment is to honor the Eternal with the first of all our produce of the fruits of the tree and the increase of the vineyard, and that we are not to eat of them until we bring all the fruit of one year [i.e., the fourth year after the planting] for giving praise unto the Eternal.165Verse 24. Now the fruit of the first three years is not fit to be brought before the Glorious Name166Deuteronomy 28:58. because it is small; neither does the tree in its first three years impart good taste or flavor into its fruit. Besides, most trees do not bring forth fruit at all until the fourth year. Therefore we are to wait with all of them [an equal period of time], and are not to taste of their fruit until we have brought of the planting which we have done, all its first good fruit to be holy before G-d, and there [in Jerusalem] we are to eat it and praise the Name of the Eternal. Thus this commandment is like that of the first-fruits.167Ibid., 26:1-11. It is furthermore true that the fruit which comes forth from the tree when it is first planted, contains an abundance of moisture which attaches to and is harmful to the body and it is not good to eat it, just like a fish which has no scales and all food, forbidden by the Torah, which are harmful also.
The Rambam in the Moreh Nevuchim offers the same type of reason for this commandment as he gave for most of these commandments, namely, that the magicians and sorcerers of those days used to practice certain deeds of witchcraft at the time of the planting of the trees, thinking that by so doing they would accelerate the coming out of the fruits before their natural time, and when the fruits appeared, they would offer them to the idol in the name of which that witchcraft was performed. Therefore the Torah commanded that the fruits which come out before three years [after the planting of the tree] should be forbidden [to derive any benefit from], in order that people should not come to practice these evil deeds, for most trees bring forth fruits in the fourth year, and that we are then to eat them before G-d [in Jerusalem], contrary to their eating of them before the idols.
כֵּיצַד נִדְרָשׁוֹת מֵאַחֲרֵיהֶם (ויקרא יט, כג): שָׁלשׁ שָׁנִים יִהְיֶה לָכֶם עֲרֵלִים לֹא יֵאָכֵל, מַה כְּתִיב בַּתְרֵיהּ (ויקרא יט, כו): לֹא תֹאכְלוּ עַל הַדָּם, וְכִי מָה עִנְיָן זֶה לָזֶה, אֶלָּא אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לָעָרְלָה אַתְּ מַמְתִּין שָׁלשׁ שָׁנִים וּלְאִשְׁתְּךָ אֵין אַתְּ מַמְתִּין עַד שֶׁהִיא מִטַּהֶרֶת מִנִּדָּתָהּ. לָעָרְלָה אַתְּ מַמְתִּין שָׁלשׁ שָׁנִים, וְלִבְהֶמְתְּךָ אֵין אַתְּ מַמְתִּין עַד שֶׁתְּמַצֶּה דָּמֶיהָ.
(29) God said, “See, I give you every seed-bearing plant that is upon all the earth, and every tree that has seed-bearing fruit; they shall be yours for food. | (כט) וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֱלֹהִ֗ים הִנֵּה֩ נָתַ֨תִּי לָכֶ֜ם אֶת־כׇּל־עֵ֣שֶׂב ׀ זֹרֵ֣עַ זֶ֗רַע אֲשֶׁר֙ עַל־פְּנֵ֣י כׇל־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְאֶת־כׇּל־הָעֵ֛ץ אֲשֶׁר־בּ֥וֹ פְרִי־עֵ֖ץ זֹרֵ֣עַ זָ֑רַע לָכֶ֥ם יִֽהְיֶ֖ה לְאׇכְלָֽה׃ |
(16) And God יהוה commanded the Human, saying, “Of every tree of the garden you are free to eat; (17) but as for the tree of knowledge of good and bad, you must not eat of it; for as soon as you eat of it, you shall die.” | (טז) וַיְצַו֙ יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהִ֔ים עַל־הָֽאָדָ֖ם לֵאמֹ֑ר מִכֹּ֥ל עֵֽץ־הַגָּ֖ן אָכֹ֥ל תֹּאכֵֽל׃ (יז) וּמֵעֵ֗ץ הַדַּ֙עַת֙ ט֣וֹב וָרָ֔ע לֹ֥א תֹאכַ֖ל מִמֶּ֑נּוּ כִּ֗י בְּי֛וֹם אֲכׇלְךָ֥ מִמֶּ֖נּוּ מ֥וֹת תָּמֽוּת׃ |
Or it is saying that even the tree of knowledge was included [in the permission to eat] and even though we find that he was commanded about [not eating] it, they, of blessed memory, have already stated (Bereishit Rabbah 21:7) that if [Adam] had waited until the eve of Shabbat, he would have sanctified with wine [of that fruit] - so far [their words]; and from their words, you learn that [this] prohibition was not [to be] forbidden forever. | יאמר דאפילו עץ הדעת בכלל והגם שמצינו שנצטוה עליו, כבר אמרו ז"ל (ב"ר פכ"א) שאם היה ממתין עד ערב שבת היה מקדש על היין ע"כ, ומתוך דבריהם אתה למד כי לא נאסר איסור עולם: |
Students of the Arizal - The prohibition to eat from the Eitz HaDaas was given on the 9th hour of the day. Had Adam waited three more hours, the Eitz HaDaas would have been permissible. We wait three years for Orlah as a Tikkun for the three hours Adam did not wait to eat from the Eitz HaDaas.
Rabbi Yehuda ben Pedaya expounded: Who will remove the dust from your eyes, Adam the first man,19This is what people will say of Adam in future generations, after he was dead and buried. and reveal that you were unable to observe the command for even one hour? Your descendants wait for orla20It is prohibited to eat fruit that grows on a tree during the first three years after it is planted. That fruit is called orla. three years, as it is stated: “Three years it shall be sealed off for you; it shall not be eaten” (Leviticus 19:23).21You were unable to be even “like one of us” of the later generations. Rav Huna said: When bar Kappara heard this, he said: You have expounded well, my sister’s son. | דָּרַשׁ רַבִּי יְהוּדָה בֶּן פְּדָיָא מִי יְגַלֶּה עָפָר מֵעֵינֶיךָ אָדָם הָרִאשׁוֹן שֶׁלֹא יָכוֹלְתָּ לַעֲמֹד בַּצִּוּוּי אֲפִלּוּ שָׁעָה אַחַת, וַהֲרֵי בָּנֶיךָ מַמְתִּינִין לְעָרְלָה שָׁלשׁ שָׁנִים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא יט, כג): שָׁלשׁ שָׁנִים יִהְיֶה לָכֶם עֲרֵלִים לֹא יֵאָכֵל, אָמַר רַב הוּנָא כַּד שָׁמַע בַּר קַפָּרָא כֵּן, אָמַר יָפֶה דָּרַשְׁתָּ בֶּן אֲחוֹתִי. |
Questions:
1. Why did Adam HaRishon jump the gun?
2. Why is the Eitz HaDaas permitted on Shabbos?
(5) but God knows that as soon as you eat of it your eyes will be opened and you will be like divine beings who know*divine beings who know Others “God, who knows.” good and bad.” | (ה) כִּ֚י יֹדֵ֣עַ אֱלֹהִ֔ים כִּ֗י בְּיוֹם֙ אֲכׇלְכֶ֣ם מִמֶּ֔נּוּ וְנִפְקְח֖וּ עֵֽינֵיכֶ֑ם וִהְיִיתֶם֙ כֵּֽאלֹהִ֔ים יֹדְעֵ֖י ט֥וֹב וָרָֽע׃ |
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